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Modern version hades art1/15/2024 ![]() ![]() Hades is a son of Cronus and Rhea, and a brother of Zeus and Poseidon. The etymology of Hades is uncertain: some derive it from a-idein, whence it would signify "the god who makes invisible," and others from hadô or chadô so that Hades would mean "the allembracer," or "all-receiver." The Roman poets use the names Dis, Orcus, and Tartarus as synonymous with Pluton, for the god of the lower world. Hence we find that in ordinary life and in the mysteries the name Pluton became generally established, while the poets preferred the ancient name Aides or the form Pluteus. 403) observes that people preferred calling him Pluton (the giver of wealth) to pronouncing the dreaded name of Hades or Aides. HADES or PLUTON (Haidês, Ploutôn or poetically Aïdês, Aidôneus and Ploutens), the god of the lower world. MELINOE (by Persephone) (Orphic Hymn 71) THE ERINYES (Statius Thebaid 12.557 & 11.47) THE ERINYES (by Persephone) (Orphic Hymns 29.6 70.3) KRONOS & RHEA (Hesiod Theogony 453, Homer Iliad 15.187, Apollodorus 1.4, Diodorus Siculus 5.68.1, Hyginus Pref) OFFSPRING The Romans named him Dis, or Pluto, the Latin form of his Greek title Plouton, "the Lord of Riches." He was depicted as either Aidoneus, enthroned in the underworld, holding a bird-tipped sceptre, or as Plouton (Pluton), the giver of wealth, pouring fertility from a cornucopia. Haides was depicted as a dark-bearded, regal god. However, since she had tasted of the pomegranate seed, she was forced to return to him for a portion of each year. Zeus was forced to concede lest mankind perish, and the girl was fetched forth from the underworld. When Demeter learned of this, she was furious and caused a great dearth to fall upon the earth until her daughter was returned. However, knowing that the goddess would resist the marriage, he assented to the forceful abduction of the girl. The god offered him Persephone, the daughter of Demeter. Haides desired a bride and petitioned his brother Zeus to grant him one of his daughters. When the three victorious brothers then drew lots for the division of the cosmos, Haides received the third portion, the dark dismal realm of the underworld, as his domain. Zeus later caused the Titan to disgorge them, and together they drove the Titan gods from heaven and locked them away in the pit of Tartaros. Haides was devoured by Kronos (Cronus) as soon as he was born, along with four of his siblings. Haides was also the god of the hidden wealth of the earth, from the fertile soil with nourished the seed-grain, to the mined wealth of gold, silver and other metals. He presided over funeral rites and defended the right of the dead to due burial. HAIDES (Hades) was the king of the underworld and god of the dead. The task of Cerberus was to guard the gates of Hades' realm to make sure no ghosts escaped.Pluto, Dis Hades and Persephone, Apulian red-figure amphora C4th B.C., British Museum Cerberus was the serpent-tailed 3- or 50-headed hell-hound Hercules was told to bring up to the land of the living as part of his labors. ![]() Parents: Oceanus (and Tethys) or Erebus and Nyx Her name is taken only for the most solemn oaths. Styx is also the river that flows around the Underworld. Parents: Aeacus: Zeus and Aegina Rhadamanthus and Minos: Zeus and Europa They were rewarded for their endeavors with the position of judge in the Underworld. Both Rhadamanthus and Aeacus were renowned for their justice. Judges: Rhadamanthus, Minos, and Aeacus.Parents: Zeus (and Maia) or Dionysus and Aphrodite He is shown in art conveying the dead to Charon. A conductor of dreams and a chthonian god, Hermes Psychopompous herds the dead towards the Underworld. A son of Night, Thanatos is the brother of Sleep ( Somnus or Hypnos) who along with the gods of dreams seem to inhabit the Underworld. The son of Erebus (also a region of the Underworld in which both the Elysian Fields and the Plain of Asphodel are found) and the Styx, Charon is the ferryman of the dead who takes an obol from the mouth of each dead person for each soul he ferries over to the Underworld. Parents: Gaia and the blood from the castrated Uranus or Nyx (Night) or Darkness or Hades (and Persephone) or Poine (see Theoi Erinyes) These are Alecto, Tisiphone, and Megaera. (Furies) The Erinyes are goddesses of vengeance who pursue their victims even after death. Parents: Perses (and Asteria) or Zeus and Asteria (a second-generation Titan) or Nyx (Night) or Aristaios or Demeter (see Theoi Hecate) A mysterious nature goddess associated with sorcery and witchcraft, who went with Demeter to the Underworld to fetch Persephone, but then stayed to assist Persephone. Parents: Zeus and Demeter or Zeus and Styx (Kore) Wife of Hades and queen of the Underworld. Although there is another god who is the official god of death, sometimes Hades is considered to be Death. ![]() Combined with Plutus ( Pluto) lord of wealth. ![]()
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